PSG has now claimed the prestigious cup on fourteen separate times.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after the French winger found the net early on.
However, Marseille fired twice late to take a shock advantage. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the dying moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for PSG to seal a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.